The main purpose of ventilation is to create an optimal indoor microclimate by maintaining the right temperature and minimizing harmful gases through constant air exchange. In the cold season the system heats the air coming from outside gradually mixing it with the warm air in the barn. In the heat it removes excess heat, creating a cooling effect due to the movement of air around the animals. Therefore, producers who ensure the right climate in the barn minimize the risk of diseases in the pigs and achieve consistently high production figures. In addition, a well-functioning climate ensures optimum use of space in the production buildings, minimizing energy consumption. However, it is important to properly design the ventilation system, adapting it not only to the conditions of the specific room, but also to the climatic conditions of the area where the farm is located.
Study of the climatic profile of the area — the basis of a good microclimate on the farm energy efficient ventilation system
To select and adjust the microclimate on the pig farm, it is important to determine the characteristics of the climate in the geographical area where it is located. To do this, the climatic profiles from weather stations and data from climatic observations over the past few years are studied. The climate in Ukraine can not be called uniform. In summer the temperatures are high enough, while in winter they are low. So, there are about 3,5 thousand hours of «extreme» temperatures in a year, recorded in early January, in mid-July and in December, with an average of 8,76 thousand hours. Therefore, experts on ventilation equipment study how many hours a year the temperature is below 0 ° C (in Ukraine almost 2 thousand hours/year), and how many more than 20 ° C (important, because pigs are subjected to heat stress). In addition, take into account the humidity of the environment. To do this, determine the air temperature at 100% humidity, and the difference between the temperature in dry and wet conditions (Figure 1) will be the potential for cooling the environment of pigs in the summer. In view of the characteristics of the climate, it is noted that the conditions for pig breeding in Ukraine are not easy. For example, in Denmark they are much more favorable (Figure 2), because there are no abrupt changes in temperature regime — winters are moderately cold, summers are cool, and light winds dominate. Therefore, it is much easier to maintain an optimal microclimate for pigs. Ukrainian producers, the temperature difference peculiar to the geographical area where they work, is not «on their hands», because it causes a lot of challenges.
Climatic features of Ukrainian pig production
Depending on the time of year they differ. In winter, low temperatures require well-insulated and dense buildings of pig farms. At the same time, there must be an equal distribution of heat in the production facility, and the heating system must be well controlled to guarantee high air quality. Water heating is able to meet these requirements, allowing for equal heating in the rooms due to the even distribution of heating pipes and the possibility to set the temperature with the controller. Another advantage — it does not create excessive moisture.
Therefore, the use of such a system in the conditions of Ukraine is the best solution. In summer, because of high temperatures to maintain a good microclimate on the farm requires a ventilation system with cooling. Most often, for this purpose they use technology for spraying water under high pressure, cooling mats or increase the speed of air movement, which creates a cooling effect. Thus, in order to maintain climatic conditions throughout the year, it is necessary to ensure good air circulation in the room, which guarantees an even distribution of heat or cold air in each ward without draughts. At the same time, the microclimate system must provide a cooling effect in summer and heating in winter.
AgroClimate Ukraine Ltd:
2 660 Kiev, Ukraine;
2 660 Kiev, Ukraine; str. Eugene Sverstyuk, 19, office 914
+38 067 386 26 91, +38 829 52 62, +38 067 537 36 67
volodymyr.brovchenko15@gmail.com
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