Spread of the Disease
In the first year after the outbreak, over 400 ASF cases were confirmed. By 2021, the number had exceeded 2,700, including the first infections in domestic pigs. Most cases were concentrated in eastern federal states such as Brandenburg, Saxony, and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
After 2023, the number of infections declined significantly. However, since the summer of 2024, cases have been rising again, particularly in Hesse. In June 2025, ASF was confirmed for the first time in North Rhine-Westphalia, a region with a dense wild boar population.
At the same time, thanks to strict biosecurity measures, the situation in eastern Germany has stabilized: since the beginning of 2025, only 18 cases in wild boar and none in domestic pigs have been reported.
Consequences for Farmers
ASF remains fatal for pigs, and no vaccine currently exists. In the event of an outbreak, buffer, protection, and surveillance zones are established, where the movement of animals and pig products is prohibited.
For farmers, the consequences are catastrophic: if infection occurs, entire herds must be culled. Even those operating within restricted zones face major financial losses, as selling their products becomes nearly impossible. Some farms have been forced to close.
Exports have also suffered heavily. Many countries ban pork imports from nations with ASF. Only after lengthy negotiations did some partners (Canada, Vietnam, Singapore, Bosnia and Herzegovina) agree to the principle of "regionalization," allowing exports from ASF-free zones in Germany.
Expert Opinions
The German Farmers’ Association (DBV) notes that measures in eastern Germany are proving effective but warns that the situation in Hesse and North Rhine-Westphalia remains tense.
Experts emphasize that strict adherence to biosecurity rules is crucial. Human activity — contaminated food, clothing, or equipment — is often the main factor in spreading the virus.
For Consumers
ASF poses no risk to humans; even the consumption of infected meat is harmless. Restrictions apply solely to prevent further spread of the virus among pigs. In affected regions, forest access bans may be imposed, but there is no danger to people or other animal species.
Source: PigUA.info, based on onvista.de